‌No one is against the debts of 2 carmakers

Ahmad Hatami Yazd saidوگو With the Iran Economist, regarding the announcement of the names of large debtors and overdue loans of the banking network, he stated: Examining this list, it is clear that firstly, large loans over one thousand billion tomans are not visible and shows that banks also announce the names of large debtors and large companies. Large debtors over one thousand billion tomans are still skeptical.

* Some large borrowers do not intend to repay from the beginning

Stating that the source of all these large bank debts is high inflation, he added: “In a situation where the inflation rate is above 40% and the bank interest rate is 20%, which economic person pays his installments on time, even if he pays late fines?” , Again in the face of inflation, it is in his interest to pay late.

Hatami Yazd also said that ethics, law and contract must be implemented, but in our country with inflationary conditions, many economic activists unfortunately do these things. Underfoot They let and do not fulfill, while in our religion and in the Qur’an, it is easily and explicitly stated that we must fulfill our promises and responsibilities.

The former CEO of Bank Saderat said: the government must stop inflation, because inflation is a deadly poison for the economy and morality in society, in the conditions of inflation, the poor, the poor and the rich become richer; For example, a person who does not have a house has to pay more rent every year, and a person who has a house gets more money every year and the value of his house goes up.

According to Hatami Yazd, some borrowers do not intend to repay from the beginning, they take loans, do business with those loans, and make a profit; They re-invest or buy property and mortgage it to the bank and take out low-interest loans, thus accumulating wealth.

* No one is against the debts of Iran, Khodro and Saipa to the banking network

This banking expert said: If we look at the list of bank debtors, some debtors are more than one thousand billion tomans of state and public companies, for example, the two big companies Iran Khodro and Saipa have more than 100 thousand billion tomans of bank debt, but no one can compete with them and their names It has not been announced either, but a housing cooperative company that owes 400 billion tomans will be announced, so our economy has no criteria. In many large companies there is a surplus of manpower, whoever becomes CEO attracts some people to the company and in large companies inflation of manpower and corruption rages. These companies take out large loans and are unable to repay bank money.

* Our bankruptcy laws need to be amended / Bankruptcy does not mean factory closure

The former CEO of the bank said: “The judiciary must be very decisive in dealing with economic corrupters. On the other hand, trade and bankruptcy laws must be amended. Companies that are in debt and can not pay on time must declare bankruptcy. Of course, bankruptcy means factory closure.” No, in the US and Japan many companies file for bankruptcy but they survive, so our bankruptcy laws need to be amended.

He added: “When a company declares bankruptcy, the factory continues to produce and it is the shareholders who lose their money and the factory must be run by new shareholders.” Banks take their claims from shareholders, for example Chrysler has filed for bankruptcy five times; Each was burned with the money of the shareholders, but the money of the banks, which is the deposit of the people, has been returned.

* The need to amend the law on trade / banks’ money is the property of micro-depositors

Hatami Yazd stated: Banks do not own money and it is the savings of micro-depositors that banks should be careful and protect their balance. Therefore, both the commercial law and the bankruptcy law must be amended; The Commercial Code is from 1310, in which there is no such thing as a consortium or digital economy, امروز while today there are many matters, the last edition of which was related to 1347, but could not be amended.

According to the former CEO of the bank, 20 years ago, a group of experts and experts in the Ministry of Commerce formed a group with education and experience to amend the commercial law and wrote a new article in a thousand articles, the government approved it then, but after The presentation to the parliament was suspended, the 5 terms of the parliament were changed, but no decision was made about it. Unfortunately, some members of parliament are not literate enough to understand the trade law well and amend it. The amendment to the trade law has been in parliament for 20 years.

He talked about how in the bank Grameen Bangladesh “The loan fuel rate is below 2%, but in some of our banks, the loan fuel rate reaches 40%,” he said. Grameen Bangladesh or the Microfinance Bank of Afghanistan, which both lend to microfinance for small businesses such as tailoring, shoemaking or shops, lend less than 50 million tomans per person, but the fuel rate of these loans is less than 2%, as the bank branch Supervises the way the loan is spent and lends the contract in return for the invoice for the purchase of tools or work tools, and the borrower’s income is deposited in the same bank, and loans that are even unsecured are easily repaid in installments, but in the country. Unfortunately, in some cases, morale has fallen and not only large overdue loans are created, but also small overdue loans.

He added: “When I was the CEO of Bank Saderat, I once checked whether only large loans have debts?” When I checked, loans of less than 300 thousand tomans were such that more than 300 thousand people in the country had arrears; This means that there are many people who have taken loans and have not fulfilled their obligations. While in the Qur’an it is mentioned many times that and Ufwa With contracts That is, keep your promise and your contract, while sometimes neither the government nor the people will keep it.

Explaining how to deal with inflation, Hatami Yazd said: Inflation is in the hands of the government That inflation as a nationCorrupt The government sometimes prints money for political purposes. When liquidity growth is above 40%, it is clear that inflation also becomes 40%.

* Specialized banks have moved to new areas to deal with bankruptcy

Regarding the payment of non-specialist loans by specialized banks, the expert said: “Previously, the government allocated resources to specialized banks such as agriculture, workers’ welfare, industry, mining and housing, and gave them preferential rates to farmers, workers, craftsmen or housing builders.” They gave loans so that, for example, the farmer would not have to sell his product بهای Sell ​​a small amount to the self-employed, but after a while the government did not give any money to these banks and they turned to new fields of activity and paid loans other than their specialty in order not to go bankrupt; The Workers ‘Welfare Bank, for example, once in the former administration, may not have wanted the workers’ name on it at all, and its slogan was that the Welfare Bank, the bank of all, and so on, entered their non-specialist fields.

* Why companies do not go to the capital market for loans

The former CEO of Bank Saderat in response to the question of whether banks should not provide micro-facilities and finance large loans of large companies through the stock market and capital markets and financing companies? “With inflation at 40 percent, financing companies expect to make at least as much profit as inflation, while banks lend at interest rates as high as 20 percent, so no business will give up 20 percent financing to lend,” he said. Go with a cost above 40%.

Hatami Yazd on whether you accept the argument of collusion in the payment of some large loans between bank officials and the borrower? He said: the head of the branch does not have much authority and pays limited loans up to one billion tomans. If someone wants a big loan, he agrees with the high levels of the bank; For example, carmakers ask for higher levels and put pressure, and parliament sometimes approves mandatory facilities, but banks resist small obligatory loans, such as marriage loans, which are paid in the form of good loans, because they are supposed to give a 20% interest to the depositor. How to give a loan with a 4% fee? But for large homework facilities, they pay easily.

The economist also said that throughout the history of Islam, none of the ancient scholars used to invest religious funds, but to spend them on expenses and to help the poor and the people, but today some public institutions also have the funds at their disposal. They are investing, while I think the funds of these foundations and committees should be spent on helping the people, for example, the late Ayatollah Boroujerdi did not spend the money he received from the people for two days, which he spent on the poor.

* Banks’ hesitation in announcing the names of debtors over one thousand billion tomans

What is the use of announcing the names of the big bank debtors in your opinion? He said: “This is good and any kind of transparency in the economy is useful, but there are no names of large companies that have taken large loans over one thousand billion, and this shows that the announcement of the names of large debtors is accompanied by ups and downs.

This former CEO of the bank on how it is that factories in other countries do not disappear with the death of its founders, but in our country, some people start factories that disappear after their death, and by the way, some of the declared debtors are also deceased? Answer: In other countries, management and ownership are separate, shareholders and owners are separate from managers. will find.

Hatami Yazd also said that in the past, there was a plan for large private companies to give up to 49% of their shares to workers, but this was not implemented properly. If this plan is implemented, the workers will feel belonging and sympathetic to the production, and the company will not be destroyed by the death of the owner. In our country, there were people who started factories, but after their death, the factory also died, so management and ownership must be separated.

end of Message