Philosophical story in the repair shop and language academy in the first and second Pahlavi era – Mehr News Agency | Iran and world’s news
According to the Mehr news agency, the first episode of the new season of the reading lamp program was broadcast on the antenna of the Chahar Sima network on Tuesday night, September 14th.
At the beginning of the program, the news item was broadcast focusing on the latest events in the field of books, and it referred to the death of Allameh Hakimi and his works, and then spoke about the history of the book today.
Continuation of Mohammad Khandan program in the item “How to read what ?!” He talked about books in the field of humanities and basically what the humanities are. He first began by introducing the book “Humanities: The Scope of Cognitions” and went on to explain the books “Unclear Foundations”, “Theories of the Humanities”, “Contemporary Research Methods in the Humanities”, “Words and Objects”. Finally, he spoke about the works and opinions of Wilhelm Dilthey.
In the next part of the program, Mohammad Sajjad Najafi, the host of the new chapter of the reading lamp, hosted Gholam Ali Haddad Adel, the head of the Academy of Persian Literature and Language, and talked to him about the roots and history of this academy.
Haddad adel Talking about the origin of the word academy, he said: “The academy was made equivalent to an academy.” Academy is also a Greek word in which Plato taught.
He went on to discuss the history of the Academy of Letters in Iran and officially considered its beginning in 1313. The head of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature said: This cultural center was active until 1322, but after that for 10 years only its name was mentioned and it did not carry out any special activity.
In another part of his speech, Gholam-Ali Haddad Adel referred to the roots of word-selection in the Qajar era and established the Dar al-Fonun during the time of Amir Kabir and the word-selection activity after that. In the continuation of this conversation, two periods of the Academy’s activity during the first and second Pahlavi eras were examined and its evolution up to after the revolution was mentioned.
The head of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature said: “We at the Academy have criteria for equating words; In what cases should we not equate. Like the standard word that the Academy of Persian Language is not looking for an equivalent for, because this word and the like have been around for years, and priority is given to words that have recently entered our lexicon.
As the last question of this section, Najafi asked the head of the Persian Language Academy: Do you also hear jokes about vocabulary equations? Haddad Adel replied: Yes. I hear a lot of these things. These are a kind of humor. The reason is that it does not refer to politics or the sacred! Of course, there are other reasons, and another point is that from the very beginning, some people were against the equivalence of the word, such as Sadegh Hedayat, who said: The dissertation also became a word! Does anyone call a doctoral dissertation a dissertation ?! But now we see that it is very terminological. A new word is like a new shoe. It kicks in for a few days but then opens.
In the next and final part of this section of the study lamp program, Ali Malakalipour spoke about the experience of reading the crime novel “Child 44” by Tom Rob Smith; A novel about the murder of a large number of children during the communist regime of Joseph Stalin, which is being investigated by former Soviet security agent Leo Demidov.
On the second night of the new season of this program, the book “Philosopher in the Repair Shop” written by Matthew B. Crawford was reviewed in the presence of a translator of Kamil Sohani. In this episode, the presenter first started his conversation with Sohani by pointing out that today the human relationship is alienated from tools, and then asked Sohani why did you go to translate this work?
Sohani In response, he said: “One of the types of culture is intelligence and talent in the use of human hands, but for various reasons, this part of talent and culture has been humiliated since the Industrial Revolution and especially in our time.” I was deeply involved in this issue when I saw in entrepreneurship classes that what is emphasized has nothing to do with the objective production of a product, that is, a successful entrepreneur in Iran today is an entrepreneur with a few successful young people sitting down to design an application and send a shipment from somewhere. They send it elsewhere and get rich that way. In other words, today the category of work is moving away from entrepreneurship every day. As an entrepreneurship student, the question came to me that what is the place of the production of objective goods in the future of the world? At present, it is pretended that since we entered the age of knowledge, in the future, the human world will no longer produce anything, and the creation of production and wealth will be done through mental equations.
He added: “We had a professor at the university who said in every meeting that the children should be aware that the companies of the future are companies that serve one and a half people all over the world.” This means that someone sits in the morning with his dog and laptop, works and earns money, so you have to get your mind on this. If this is wrong, because firstly, this way of life does not correspond to the reality of the world, and secondly, if it does, does humanity grow in such a world or not? Working with tools is a means of communicating with the environment, communicating with the environment is a means of communicating with reality. What the author of the book emphasizes is that for various reasons, human beings lose their connection with their environment every day, and this decrease in communication with the environment harms human humanity and is not in line with human development. Because he sinks into the lock of his own individuality and cannot move as he should.
Sohani continued: “In recent times, technology is forcing us not to do many things that we can do ourselves and leave it to it. For example, instead of doing some car repairs ourselves, the car itself gives the message that it needs to be replaced, and the big lie that this system tells us is that your time is saved like gold.
The host then asked, “Why do you think we become alienated from technology and lose our relationship with the world? Humans have spent years being able to provide technique and technology.”
“First of all, we do not mean technology, technology in its absolute sense,” the documentary maker and translator replied. Our story begins where technology has a sacred place and there is no limit. That is, one does not ask oneself whether moving in this technological direction is a good move or not? The author’s task is to ask ourselves whether anything that makes our lives easier makes us more complete. One of the author’s emphases is that we have less agency in reducing contact with our surroundings because we delegate our agency to other forces. As a result, we lose our self-confidence in changing the environment, and this decline in self-confidence leads us to become political as citizens, and ultimately we do not become sensitive to the changes around us, or if we do. When we become sensitive, we no longer have the confidence to change.
Sohani said: “One of the consequences of living this way is that no one enjoys work directly anymore because in the capitalist world, work has become equal to money and instead of enjoying work, one enjoys being able to go on vacation and travel with that money.” . The author says that if you do something that you can not see the result, it no longer makes sense to you and you become alienated from yourself. According to Matthew B. Crawford is a fun thing to be judged on because when you are judged you can feel yourself and find your place in the world.
The translator continued: What is discussed in this book is the discussion of art, skill and work. In Persian literature, art and skill are often used elsewhere, and when Ferdowsi says that art belongs to the Iranians, many people say that Ferdowsi means war skills. In fact, the author says that in order to be able to master art, you must acquire skills, and in order to become proficient, you must surrender to the reality of what you want to master art with. One way of knowing the world is to use our hands, while this way of knowing the world is being eliminated and this is harming human beings. Today, if you tell a parent to send their child to learn a skill, he or she will be upset because the use of hands for work in modern times has been humiliated, and now the book “Philosopher in the Repair Shop” is about this humiliation. That in modern times the “mind” becomes original and the “hand” goes away. To be humiliated by the use of the hand means to become dependent on man, and to become dependent on man means to lose the spirit of human demand and rebellion.
The translator of the book “Philosopher in the repair shop” said: “Today we live in Iran, which claims to have a new plan in economy, politics, society … due to the Islamic Revolution, and the Islamic Revolution is supposed to establish a new civilization.” How do we claim to create a new civilization today when a nation is so consumerist that it cannot produce itself from the women’s tent to the shroud of the dead? This nation has not practiced and changed the face of the issue. We are becoming more and more consumers every day and the consumer nation cannot change.
In the introduction section of a book, Sohani introduced a work by Morteza Farhadi and said: The book I want to introduce is the book of anthropology with the help of Morteza Farhadi. In this book, Mr. Farhadi rejects the idea that if man wants to progress, he must compete because, according to nature, human beings are always fighting for survival, and says that, incidentally, man’s originality and survival is in helping, not competing.
In the end, he said: “Choosing a job is a very important issue in our lives because it takes up most of our lives.” Unfortunately, today we have intellectual distortions in our choice of work. The meaning of the work and its value become clearer to the person who reads the book “Philosopher in the Repair Shop”.
In the continuation of this program, Mohammad Mullah Abbasi spoke about the skills and experiences that help us in reading books and said: In reading books, there is a trap called “short sentence trap” which according to this trap, when we reach a very interesting sentence, all our senses The sentence is dropped and we no longer pay attention to before and after that sentence. In fact, when we reach a short sentence, we become more involved in our own situation. To get rid of this trap, we must be aware of the trap of these short sentences and do whatever is necessary for it to be remembered, such as underlining it or sharing it with another person, until we return to the book. Reduce and be able to continue the reasoning process of the book.
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