Piroxicam ointment, side effects and uses

Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the relief of chronic and acute pain that is available in various forms over the counter. Ointment and gel forms of this drug are very popular in Iran, so many doctors use this gel and even its capsules to reduce inflammation. This drug is available in various foreign and domestic brands in the country’s pharmacies, which will be prescribed by the doctor depending on the type of disease and inflammation. In the rest of the article, we will examine the cases and amount of piroxicam ointment consumption in different people.

Pharmaceutical forms of piroxicam

Piroxicam ointment is an anti-inflammatory drug to reduce pain that relieves your pain by preventing the production of chemicals that cause inflammation and infection in the body. Most of the manufactured products of this drug are available in the market in the form of capsules, gels or ampoules, and its gel has high sales in Iran. The side effects of the gel of this medicine are limited and therefore it is prescribed by many doctors. This product can be sold in the country’s pharmacies without a prescription, but it is best to use it with a doctor’s prescription.

Uses of piroxicam tablets

As mentioned, this drug is mainly found in the form of gel, suppository, ampoule and capsule in the country’s market. The uses of each are almost the same and each has the task of relieving different pains. Piroxicam gel is used to relieve the pain of various inflammations (arthritis), bone bruises or strains, back pain, etc. locally in different parts of the body. Also, the capsule of this drug is used to reduce inflammation and toxin of rheumatoid arthritis pains. It is always recommended to avoid its continuous and unnecessary use to relieve various pains.

Uses of piroxicam in adults

1. Reduce inflammation
2. Relief of various types of pain
3. Relieve pain caused by injury
4. muscle strain

Uses of piroxicam in children

1. Rheumatoid arthritis (taken at the age of 12 years)
2. Osteoarthritis (over 12 years)
3. Reducing inflammation (over 12 years)

Pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of piroxicam

This drug has a pharmacological half-life of 14-158 hours (average 50 hours) starting in 15-30 minutes (single dose of 20 mg) and 1 hour (multiple doses of 20 mg) in a period of 48-72 hours. It also has a concentration of 1.5-2 mcg/mL (single dose of 20 mg), 3-8 mcg/mL (multiple doses of 20 mg per day) and peak plasma levels of 3-5 hours (a single dose of 20 mg). be The metabolism of this product is hydroxylation at position 5 of the side chain of pyridyl, conjugation by cyclodehydration, also hydrolysis includes amide bond, decarboxylation, ring contraction, N-demethylation. The mechanism of action also inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins in body tissues by inhibiting cyclooxygenase.

Dosage of piroxicam ointment

The dosage of piroxicam gel and capsule is different. For the amount of piroxicam gel depending on the type of inflammation and type of pain, apply an appropriate amount of gel to your palm and massage gently. After massaging the painful area, wash your hands with liquid and wash your eyes in case of eye contact. Depending on the pain level, you can use the gel 2-3 times a day in different doses. Of course, it should be said that the best thing to do is to prescribe the dosage by the doctor and avoid excessive consumption.

When to use piroxicam ointment

The time to use Piroxicam gel is different for different people depending on the level of pain and inflammation. The best thing is to consult a doctor, but according to the pain level, you can apply it on the desired area up to 4 times a day every 6 hours. The capsule of this medicine should be taken with food or 8 to 12 ounces of water to avoid digestive side effects. Also, strictly avoid taking more than 30-40 mg per day.

Precautions

Before taking piroxicam, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it. Be sure to tell your doctor if you are taking or are allergic to medications such as aspirin or other NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib). This product may contain inactive ingredients that cause allergic reactions or other problems in the human body. Before taking this medicine, check your medical history to avoid serious health problems.

asthma (including a history of worsening breathing after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs), blood disorders (such as anemia, bleeding), blood clotting problems, growths in the nose (nasal polyps), heart disease (such as a previous heart attack), High blood pressure, liver disease, stroke, throat, stomach and intestinal problems (such as bleeding, heartburn, ulcers), and kidney problems can sometimes occur with the use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), including Piroxicam capsules. . In elderly people, different diseases of the person and the drugs taken should also be considered.

Contraindications to the use of piroxicam gel

Most NSAID drugs have restrictions on their use for some people. For example, patients with cardiovascular or gastrointestinal history should consult their doctor before taking this medicine. Elderly people are more exposed to the dangers of using this pill unnecessarily. However, we will continue to examine the contraindications of this drug in different people.

Cardiovascular risks of piroxicam tablets

1. NSAIDs may increase the risk of serious thrombotic cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke, which can be fatal.
2. As the amount of this drug increases, its cardiovascular risks increase.
3. NSAIDs are contraindicated for postoperative pain during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Gastrointestinal risks of piroxicam tablets

1. NSAIDs increase the risk of serious gastrointestinal side effects, including bleeding, ulcers, and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal.
2. GI side effects (gastrointestinal bleeding) may occur at any time during use without warning symptoms.
3. Elderly patients are at higher risk for serious GI events.

Side effects of piroxicam gel

Some of the side effects of this Piroxicam pill or gel include stomach upset, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness or headache. Note that these side effects are seen in a very limited number in different people and many people do not have any side effects or problems with this medicine after taking it. If side effects persist after use, be sure to consult a doctor. Keep in mind that the reason for prescribing this drug is the doctor’s diagnosis that it has more properties than side effects. Some of the side effects that have been seen in a few people include the following.

• Anorexia
• stomach ache
• constipation
• diarrhea
• Flatulence
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or headache
• itching and hives
• Tinnitus

Drug interaction of piroxicam ointment

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk of serious side effects. For this reason, it is better to bring a list of chemical and herbal medicines that you are taking at that time when visiting the doctor. Products that may interact with Piroxicam include aliskiren, ACE inhibitors (such as captopril, lisinopril), angiotensin II receptor blockers (such as losartan, valsartan), cidofovir, corticosteroids (such as prednisone), lithium, “water pills.” (diuretics such as furosemide).

Use of piroxicam gel during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Piroxicam tablets and gel are among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that should be used carefully. The use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can cause premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and fetal kidney dysfunction, which leads to oligohydramnios and in some cases, kidney failure in the newborn. Due to these risks, limit the dose and duration of use between the 20th and 30th weeks of pregnancy and avoid its use in the 30th week of pregnancy and after.

It is necessary to use NSAID drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) around the 20th week of pregnancy or later in pregnancy, limit the use to the lowest effective dose and the shortest possible period. If treatment lasts longer than 48 hours, consider ultrasound monitoring for oligohydramnios. If oligohydramnios occurs, stop the treatment and follow up according to clinical practice. Also, please note that as much as possible, avoid using this medicine unnecessarily without a doctor’s prescription.

Piroxicam use during breastfeeding

Limited data from 2 published reports that included a total of 6 lactating women and 2 infants have shown us that piroxicam is excreted in breast milk at approximately 1-3% of its concentration. No accumulation of piroxicam in milk relative to maternal plasma occurred during treatment. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for medication and any possible side effects on the infant resulting from the mother’s treatment or underlying disease.

Investigating fertility potential in piroxicam

Based on the mechanism of action, the use of prostaglandin-mediated NSAIDs may delay or prevent the rupture of ovarian follicles, which is associated with reversible infertility in some women. Published animal studies have shown that administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors has the potential to disrupt the prostaglandin-mediated follicular rupture required for ovulation. Consider discontinuing NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) in women who are having trouble conceiving or are being investigated for infertility.

Storage conditions for piroxicam ointment

Piroxicam ointment, tablet or ampoule should be stored at room temperature away from light and moisture. It should not be stored in humid conditions such as bathrooms or environments with steam or high temperature. It should also be kept out of the reach of children and animals, and if you intend to throw it away, do not pour the medicine down the drain or toilet. Dispose of this product properly when it has expired or is no longer needed.

The last word of piroxicam ointment

At the end of this article from the Green Positive Online Pharmacy magazine, it should be said that Piroxicam is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) that is widely used in the treatment of inflammation and pain reduction. This medicine is available in the form of tablets, capsules, drops or ointment. However, the use of this drug includes side effects, which should be taken into account when taking precautions and drug interactions. Note that the best thing to do is to consult a doctor to prescribe the time and amount of this product and avoid its excessive use.

Site source: medscape

Frequently asked questions about piroxicam