Summary of history in the collection of Hassan King of Tabriz

The unique historical collection of Hassan the King, which is known as the main and big square of old Tabriz, is an abstract of the history, culture, art and architecture of this ancient land, which summarizes all the characteristics of the people’s life of this ancient city. . This 700-year-old complex, which was twice as large as Naqsh Jahan Square in Isfahan during its dynamic period during the reign of Agh Quyunluha, was the main place for the parade of the armed forces and horsemen of the always victorious Uzon Hassan army and the rule of Aq Quyunluha, and according to the historical documents available in this large square 30,000 soldiers have marched and for 400 years it has been the seat of government and command of princes such as Jahanshah, Uzon Hasan, Shah Khataei and Shah Tahmasab Safavid.

To learn more about the city of Tabriz, we suggest that you read the article “Siri in Tabriz”.

Currently, a small area with the famous and old mosque of Sahib al-Amr, the Akbariyeh school and a ruined mosque and school of Hassan King are left from this unique complex. And the officials of the heritage were located, which was gradually turning into a garbage dump, which fortunately, since about a decade ago, the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism has entered the field to restore and restore it.

The large and historical complex of “Hasan the King” or Saheb al-Amr Square of Tabriz with an area of ​​160 thousand square meters is among the outstanding works left over from the glorious era of Uzon Hassan in the history of Iran and Islam as a powerful king of the Agh Quyunlu Dynasty, whose historical greatness is far beyond and It was wider and due to some reasons and as a result of events such as floods and earthquakes and of course historical indifference, now this collection carries only corners of that greatness.

The large area, bath, washroom, mosque, school, resting place for caravans, various shops in different rows, the unique collection of Hassan King is a symbol of the life of the people of old Tabriz, where history, culture, politics and public life are depicted. has been

It is enough to describe the historical importance and value of the collection of Hasan Pasha of Tabriz that Chardin, a French tourist, visited this square in 1082 AH and during the reign of Shah Suleiman the Safavid in Tabriz and wrote about it: “The square of Tabriz is the largest square in the world. I have seen it and it is much bigger than Isfahan square.

A view of Hasan King’s collection in historical documents

The Deputy Cultural Heritage Director General of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of East Azarbaijan emphasized that the implementation of the restoration and reconstruction of the Hasan King’s complex is one of the first and main priorities of the restoration and reconstruction activities of this general administration, and said: all technical and administrative capabilities and facilities And of course, we have used our credit to implement this big project.

Vahid Navadad stated that the restoration and organization of the northern and southern hijras of Hasan King’s school has been started for a long time, and added: with the continuation of the current restorations, the complex can be brought to a stable state. .

He added: After specialized studies and research, the restoration and reconstruction of this complex after the approval of the Technical Council of the General Administration and the Strategic Council of the Tabriz World Market Complex by implementing the restoration and reconstruction operations and restoring the original shape of the building by putting together a puzzle of the remaining parts of the building. Destroyed on top of each other, it started in the dome part of this complex with the participation of the technical team of the cultural heritage deputy of the province.

Navadad considered the architectural restoration of the north and south-west parts of the Akbariye school and the east and south-east front part of the complex to be one of the important achievements of the restoration and restoration of the Hasan King complex in recent years and continued: The school building on the west side of the complex has been completely destroyed. and on the eastern side, the arches have almost disappeared, but its architectural style can be seen.

He stated that the reason for the long duration of the restoration operation of this complex is specialized and technical research in terms of the historical importance of this complex and added: Considering the capital of Tabriz during the Turkoman and Safavid periods, this complex played an important role in the governmental spheres during these periods. , artistic and scientific, therefore, for the restoration and reconstruction of its remains, necessary permits are required following specialized research and studies and technical and expert measures.

Navadad described the mosque, school, washroom, square, Hasht Behesht Mansion, Nasiriyeh Garden, Jafar Pasha Collection, Darul Masakin and a church chapter from the historical assets of the Hasan King Tabriz collection based on historical documents and pictures and said: in the past years with Efforts have been made and according to experts, the school of this historical complex, which suffered serious damage in terms of architecture and construction, has been prioritized for restoration.

He announced that the allocated funds for the implementation of the restoration project of the Hassan King historical complex this year is 550 million tomans, which is very insufficient for such a project.

Exterior view of the renovated mosque of Hasan Pashadh complex

In an interview with IRNA reporter, the director of the World Heritage Collection of Masqaf Bazaar in Tabriz said: It is a part of the magnificent collection of Hassan King of Nasiriyya School, which had turned into a dilapidated space over time, which has been restored to its current state with the restoration of recent years. and the restoration activity of this complex is currently directed to this school.

Hasan Esmaili said: Considering that there was only one cell left in this school complex, the rest of the cells were modeled and built on the basis of this one cell during the restoration and reconstruction, and it was done as a restoration project in 15 years.

Pointing out that the complex on the eastern side of the old Hasan Pashah square is the remains of the Agh Quyulunoha dynasty, he reminded: In the back part of it, which was destroyed in the past decades and before that, it was known as a school. and later it has been turned into a wash house and now it is being renovated into a mosque.

Esmaili reminded: the rest of the works in the Hasan Padseh Mosque in other parts are more related to the Safavid period.

He stated that the green space and facilities of the Hassan King complex will be completed soon so that it can be used, and stated: It should be noted that the current square was not the original Hassan King square, and according to the miniature drawing document, the main square was much bigger. If we can revive this field, we have done a great job in the Hasan King collection.

Esmaili considered the restoration and revival of the Hassan King’s collection as an important and effective step to restore the greatness and history of Tabriz in different eras, which requires serious determination and will on the part of cultural heritage, handicrafts and tourism.

He considered the restoration of the historical collection and the restoration of this collection to be a very important and valuable task and continued: for the restoration, reconstruction and revival of this magnificent historical collection that emerged from the soil of old Tabriz, other institutions should also cooperate with the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage. Crafts and tourism of East Azerbaijan should cooperate, because this historical work and heritage belongs to all the people of this province and Islamic Iran.

Referring to the fundamental and professional restoration of the mosque located in the historical complex of Hassan King, Esmaili said: In this context, institutions such as awqaf and mosque affairs should also participate and cooperate with the Ministry of Cultural Heritage so that all issues are resolved in a logical, scientific and principled manner. the river

According to him, this collection, which is located in the inner and old fabric of Tabriz, is very important in terms of the heritage and historical identity of this city, and it should be well introduced by the mass media and news agencies and should be discussed based on its historical weight.

Esmaili considered safeguarding and preserving the historical and cultural heritage of the past as one of the essential duties and important missions of the country’s cultural heritage, and paying attention to this duty is not only a very valuable and useful step for the history and culture of the country, but also among the people and citizens. It strengthens the motives of defending and protecting the heritage of the past.

Historical inscription on the entrance door of Hasan King’s complex

The inscriptions discovered in this collection are among the beauties of the Hassan King collection, which are magnificent plasterwork and tiling, along with inscriptions in the third line, gold and silver decorations and carved stones, porches and porticoes, and stone and marble columns. Most of them have disappeared, which shows the greatness of this collection.

According to historical documents, the mosque of this complex was completely damaged during the Tabriz earthquakes, and parts of it were rebuilt during the Qajar period.

Now, the only stone inscription that is installed at the entrance of the mosque and another inscription that is at the entrance of the School of Religious Sciences is a work of that magnificent architecture, and during the recent excavations, several carved columns from this mosque have also been exposed.

The collection of Hassan King was registered nationally in 1354.