The impact of restoration measures on preserving the valuable environment of historic villages

Rural valuable textures are valuable artifacts whose preservation and revitalization will preserve the identity and cultural promotion of the region, and balancing the two approaches of development and conservation has always been a challenging problem in different eras.

In order for these two approaches to converge, there must be a balance between the criteria, strategies and plans of the two. At present, ignoring the past of the historical and natural environment has led to a heterogeneous and unbalanced development process, and as a result, conservation is not well achieved.

The physical texture of Iranian villages, while having architectural values, has visual and aesthetic patterns, adaptation to the natural environment, harmony with biological function, livelihood, use of materials and indigenous knowledge. Meanwhile, the physical texture of some villages due to having special architectural, historical and cultural features is considered as a valuable and inherited heritage of our ancestors, which on the one hand preserves and preserves their importance and on the other hand Creating a favorable and attractive environment for the villagers, by attracting more tourists, has greatly contributed to the prosperity and development of the tourism industry in these villages.

Villages of historical value have various characteristics that their preservation on a physical, social and cultural scale is considered essential as an essence of the Iranian architectural tradition to preserve the identity and originality of the natives.

Humans generally choose a place in a land to continue their livelihood, where they make changes to meet their needs, which sometimes become part of the local culture, and that place becomes an ecosystem by expanding the number of houses and dwellings. Over time, its physical texture is considered part of the cultural landscape and part of the local identity of the region and needs protection.

In these ecosystems, the most important factor is the protection, human participation and companionship of the native inhabitants.

Generally, in settlements, various factors such as religious, geographical, cultural, social, political or environmental shape their form and shape. For example, in some villages, it is observed that the network of passages is wider in front of mosques, and many side passages lead to the Imamzadeh or other religious places in the village, or in desert villages, the entrances are hollow and reach the house through porches and corridors. Long is possible.

Culture and cultural values ​​also play an important role in shaping the fabric of settlements.

Social and tribal stratifications also affect the formation of the form and texture of the village.

If there is no principled and comprehensive planning and policy to preserve these valuable elements and cultural landscapes, as well as training in traditional construction methods, use of local materials and professional capabilities in the village environment and stakeholder participation in rural development plans and programs, there is no place. However, over time, all these cultural resources and riches will be lost and the rural environment, like urban environments, will be subject to irreparable physical changes.

The type of human interaction with the environment and the surrounding geography is the main component of the indigenous culture of the region, both physically and in terms of values ​​and traditions, which should be considered in planning for villages for the success of conservation along with development.

In indigenous cultures, the link between customs and traditions, natural factors affecting life and livelihood, man-made and finally the impact of indigenous peoples on the nature of their ecosystem and vice versa, are important factors influencing the formation of rural settlements that should always be Consider protection planning and management. Also, the protection of the morphology of rural textures and the cultural values ​​embedded in them can be a valuable solution for the development of natural and rural tourism industry in the region.

In villages with historical value, pilot and development plans in villages should be formed based on the existing capacities and activities in the village and the destruction and distortion of the cultural landscape in these villages should be prevented.

Preservation of the body, identity and cultural values ​​of villages of historical value is very important that this important issue can be achieved through the use of local materials as well as constructions and plans in accordance with the environment and climate of the region. Currently, one of the serious threats in the historical villages of Simin, Varkaneh and Khako in Hamedan, which has caused a lot of damage to the ecology and morphology of their textures, new constructions and the tendency to renovate and use modern materials that are inconsistent with traditional and indigenous textures. It is the villages that without proper planning and policy in order to protect the traditional and historical context, which is an important part of the natural attraction of these areas, in the not too distant future we will see the destruction of the historical and traditional identity of these villages.

In this regard, the first step after the reform of rural development plans is the awareness of residents of the important role of these values ​​and potentials in the prosperity of the rural tourism industry and as a result create sustainable employment for them. Natural and methods of earning money from them. In addition to resilience of the physical and visual form of the village, these strategies are also effective in preventing the migration of villagers and the abandonment of these villages. Because there will always be successful projects and programs in which the participation of stakeholders is colorful and the needs of the villagers are seen. The third step is to educate the villagers about the use of local materials as well as ecological design (design based on environmental protection).

With the establishment of the national base of historical villages in Hamedan, the protection and preservation of cultural and historical values ​​in the villages covered by this base has been given serious attention and by preparing study plans and compiling protection criteria Relevant devices are specified and legalized within a framework. In addition to the implementation of construction projects and disciplined constructions in these villages, the issue of required training and empowerment of local communities and the establishment of facilitation workshops are at the top of the programs of this base.

Among the restoration and executive measures carried out in these villages are the repair and improvement of the old stable of Varkaneh village called Mehri Khanum stable, the restoration of the old mosque and bath in Simin village and also the implementation of floor and wall construction projects in all three historical villages of Khako. He named Simin and Varkaneh. Therefore, by injecting appropriate credits to the responsible agencies such as the Housing, Rural Development and Cultural Heritage Foundation, we can express hope that based on study plans and in accordance with specific criteria, effective development measures will be implemented in this village and the way to achieve the desired goals and Effective protection and preservation of existing historical values ​​and ultimately paved the way for the sustainable development of tourism.