Zero to one hundred modification of subsidies for bread and basic goods / details of the contents of the shopping cart

According to a Fars News Agency economic group reporter, now that the government has put subsidies on basic goods, including bread, on the agenda, many people want to know if there will be changes in their livelihood and income and expenditure. What is the difference between this subsidy reform and the previous one? What are the compensatory models of the government in this new method? Subsidies given to people Be Is it cash or goods or both? And thousands of other questions.

To find the answers to all these questions, we went to Mohammad Ghorbani, the Deputy Minister of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Jihad for Agriculture, and told him:وگو we did; In addition to his responsibilities in the relevant department, the victim is the spokesman for the Ministry of Jihad for Agriculture on subsidy reform.

* Subsidies are removed from the goods and given to individuals / Good news is on the way

He says: “Since 1997, the twelfth government started paying subsidies to basic goods, in which subsidies were given to the importer. Annually, subsidies were given to 250,000 billion tomans to importers to import goods with the aim of Cheap country to reach the people. The 13th government says that this method of paying subsidies was not right and did not reach the people. Now he wants to give this subsidy to the people themselves and the people to manage themselves.

The victim said thisوگو He stated that he told the people with confidence that the reform of the subsidy for bread and basic goods would not only have a negative impact on the people’s livelihood and table, but would also be observed in the current justice system. In the way the government is supposed to implement, subsidies are removed from the goods and given to the individuals themselves.

According to the victim, the elimination of bread subsidies will be made in Zanjan province and will start next week, and one or two weeks later it will be implemented in several provinces of the country and then throughout the country, as well as other basic goods such as oil and animal feed In the agricultural sector, it will be announced by the president soon and good news is on the way.

He said in thisوگو Explained two models of bread delivery as well as two methods of paying compensatory subsidies to the people.

The following is a detailed conversation with the Deputy Minister of Jihad for Agriculture and the spokesman for the Subsidy Reform Department at the Ministry of Agriculture:

* 100 thousand billion tomans subsidy for industrial flour and baking

Fars: The bread subsidy is going to be reformed, will it have a negative impact on people’s lives? Does the government intend to give the people a compensation package for this purpose?

the victim: According to the budget law 1401, 71 thousand billion tomans have been allocated for subsidized wheat, and this year there will be no change in the price of bread for the consumer, and maybe even 10% less the price of bread. Therefore, the government is supposed to give the same subsidy to the people instead of goods, and there is no concern for the people’s table, and only the method of paying the subsidy has changed. The country annually allocates 70,000 billion tomans for the bakery sector and about 30,000 billion tomans for the subsidy industry, and with this amendment, this amount of subsidy is to be given to the people themselves.

Fars: You said that maybe the price of bread will decrease by 10%, how is this possible?

the victim: Increased productivity when subsidies were reformed نوانایان Is happening. It also prevents the leakage of flour that was smuggled out of the distribution cycle, and in addition a customer orientation and competition between نوانایان Takes place; That is, according to the new system, whatever نوانایان The more bread they sell, the more they earn, because part of the subsidy goes to themselves نوانایان Is given and all this will lead to a 10% reduction in the price of bread according to forecasts.

* Two theories about the liberalization of bread subsidies

Fars: Explain the method of buying bread after the subsidies are reformed. Before, it was said that bread would be rationed and three-quarters of Sangak would be given bread daily? Is that so?

the victim: After the subsidies are reformed, as announced by the Ministry of Economy, the purchase of bread is done with bank cards, which are attached to the subsidies. There are two theories; The first theory is that everyone buys as much bread as they want and the government calculates it at the current rate, but the subsidy مبه The difference It counts نوانایان Subsidies will be paid, ie the baker will be given only the amount of bread sold, which will prevent the flour from leaking.

Fars: It seems that justice is still not observed in this theory, because the more bread a person uses, the more subsidies he will use.

the victim: Yes, that’s the criticism of this theory, and for that reason The second theory is that a person buys 310 grams of bread per day at the current rate and any amount that is more than this, is calculated at the free rate and مبه‌The difference This figure is counted as a subsidy نوانایان To be deposited.

In this model, some people think that the rationed bread is not like that, because according to the calculations, the per capita consumption of bread in the country is 131 kg, and each person consumes almost the same amount (310 g) daily.

Fars: Will the purchase method still be with a bank card or are there other methods?

the victim: They are probably going to give people electronic worksheets, and maybe that will happen in the second phase. In the first phase, all people make their purchases in cash, and the government intends to increase the amount of information. In fact, the government wants to collect information and implement the plan more accurately in the next phase.

Fars: Is the price of bread clear to the consumer? Will new bread prices be announced?

the victim: According to the parliament, if the subsidies are reformed, it must be based on the price of September 1400; This means that the government can not announce new prices; That is, in fact, up to this price is calculated as a subsidy, and if it is more than that مبه‌The difference The government’s account نوانایان Deposit.

Fars: What are the benefits of this plan?

Victim: With the implementation of this plan, bread waste will be drastically reduced and human consumption will decrease. Part of the consumption that was on the farms will be stopped and there will be no smuggling. Some predict that Reduce wheat consumption in the country to 2 million tons.

Fars: Is the implementation of subsidy reform only for bread or also for basic goods?

Victim: According to the information provided by the Ministry of Economy, it is to be applied to basic goods as well The president will announce the time of its implementation soonBut good news is on the way Its implementation will be done soonBut the reform of bread subsidies will be implemented next week in Zanjan and in the next two or three weeks in several provinces of the country and then the whole country.

* 80,000 smart poses will be launched in the country

Fars: Carrying out a project of this magnitude requires suitable platforms, is the country ready to carry out this infrastructure?

the victim: Yes, as the Central Bank says, smart poses are embedded in Zanjan province and about 80,000 poses are launched in the whole country, and there are no problems in terms of implementation, but there is no information about the exact time.

Fars: Tell us about basic goods, after the reform, what will be the compensatory subsidies for the people?

Victim: There are two ways, first is cash payment and in the next stage, it will be in the form of goods.

* Details of the contents of the shopping cart

Fars: What kind of goods are to be given to the people?

the victim: Commodities such as oil, eggs, milk and poultry, which are now subsidized, are placed in people’s baskets.

Fars: Recently, the subsidy for industrial flour was eliminated and pasta became more expensive, is it supposed to? مبه‌Difference To be given for it?

the victim: Yes, for this purpose, compensatory subsidies are supposed to be given and it is calculated in the same package that they are supposed to give to the people.

Fars: What will be the subsidy for pasta?

the victim: It is not a big number, it is calculated how much is the per capita consumption of pasta in the country and based on this amount of subsidy is paid. Consumption of pasta in the country is 17 kg per year, which is paid 71 thousand Tomans annually in urban areas and 69 thousand Tomans in rural areas for this product, and this subsidy will be paid accordingly.

Fars: How did the government immediately decide to implement such a plan? Because before this subsidy is given to the goods themselves. What effect can this change from commodity to person have on the production and welfare of the people?

the victim: The 4,200 Toman currency that was supposed to be paid to the people in 1997 was looking for goals. When this subsidy was given to goods, it was supposed to prevent the increase of agricultural products and strengthen domestic production, but all this deviated from its path and did not hit its goals, and all this led to a decrease in investment in the agricultural sector. 312 thousand billion tomans were considered for basic goods in 1400, while our technical credits are only 5 thousand billion tomans. All this led to a sharp decline in the productivity of the agricultural sector. The area under oilseed cultivation is minimized and the production of soybean oilseeds, which was 130,000 hectares in the past few years, has now reached 26,000 hectares.

Another point is that the payment of subsidies to the middle sector of knowledge-based companies and its success in the agricultural sector has been sterilized and many self-sufficiency projects have been stopped. We do not have a self-sufficiency line of wheat now, and the mafia has increased, especially in the oil sector. They preferred to import regularly with a currency of 4,200 Tomans and paralyzed domestic production. Land use change in the agricultural sector.

* So far, we have exported subsidies abroad

Fars: Was there any outflow of currency from the country?

the victim: Yes, imagine the government imports $ 550 to $ 600 per ton of wheat from other countries, but the factories turn it into pasta and sell it to other countries for $ 500 per ton, which means that we saw “export subsidies” and it hurt the country’s economy a lot. Annually, we had 250,000 tons of pasta exports from the country, according to customs statistics.

According to studies conducted with the previous payment method, 1000 billion tomans of subsidies were exported daily from the country in various ways, from smuggling to export of subsidies.

Fars: According to some statistics, more than 5% of the country’s population are citizens of other countries, can they use the country’s subsidies?

the victim: Finally They are in our country and we can not say we do not give bread, but the more details that can be enjoyed with the same subsidies of the local people or not must be decided in higher positions of the country.

Fars: How are subsidies paid in other countries?

the victim: In European and American countries, subsidies are injected into the manufacturing sector, and they have succeeded in this, but in our system, subsidies were almost given to the middle sector and now they are given to the final sector, the people.

Fars: Why do not you suggest subsidizing the production sector?

the victim: This happens to be great, but it creates difficulties in our current system, and on the other hand, it was successful given our previous experience of subsidizing people. The government has chosen this method. Perhaps another reason is that this plan is easier to implement. It does not have the specific complexities that may exist in the manufacturing sector.

Fars: How confident are you that with the implementation of this plan, all the problems that you mention in the agricultural sector will return to normal?

the victim: I I’m sure Implementation of this plan in the agricultural sector Profitability It will increase and farmers will be more interested in production. When a farmer is sure that he will sell his product at a reasonable price in the market, he will surely increase his investment, while other investors will be added to it, and it is natural that in a country where production is sufficient, the welfare of the people will increase. And prices are falling.

Fars: Thanks for your explanation

According to Fars, Fars News Agency users in my Fars section have registered a scan and demanded a “review of the new mechanism for paying bread subsidies.”

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