Iran; Land of Novas/ Why should Iranian culture be called “musical”?

According to Arya’s heritage report, Safiuddin Ormoi Yad Baizai left a precious legacy to the world of science and art. He was not only a master of music but also a master of calligraphy, as he trained countless students in calligraphy and music and sent their names down to history. Islamic world and Azerbaijan.

The books he has written in the field of writing are known as Ahl al-Fan, and in other words, they are considered his lasting masterpieces, which are passed from hand to hand and never lose their freshness, freshness, and beauty, as if this shining star of the Islamic world has created works for many centuries until the time. It is time for the sound of his music to ring in the ears of time and his calligraphy to continue to dazzle the eyes.

Safi al-Din left a lasting impact on the art of music and calligraphy in Iran. He trained students in calligraphy and music who became masters of these arts and wrote important treatises on music that were respected by Iranian artists and Islamic countries, such as “Ibn Saiqal” the writer and lexicographer. Mashoor has mentioned him with nicknames such as “Al-Sadr al-Kabir, Alam Fazil and Allamah”.

Most of the authors believe that Safieddin’s treatises “Sharafiya and Edvar” have led to a great revolution in music all over the world, to the extent that “Josef Yektabek”, a famous Turkish musicologist, writes about Safieddin Ormoy: The great Turkish musicologist was named Safieddin Ormoy and He lived during the Caliphate of Abbasid Caliph Mustasim in the second half of the 7th century and was able to end the former fixed and unchanging period.

The essential role of Safiuddin Ormoi in the advancement of science and art in the Islamic world

The artistic land of Azerbaijan in the Middle Ages gave birth to 2 great men of science, art and music of the Islamic world, Safiuddin Ormoi and Abdul Qadir Maraghei, who together with Abu Nasr Farabi from the Turkish world played a key role in the development of science and art in the Islamic world.

Safiuddin Urmoi, a scientist, calligrapher, mathematician and musician of the Islamic world, was born in 613 AH in Urmia, one of the famous provinces of Azerbaijan.

During the Caliphate of Mostanser, Safi al-Din engaged in calligraphy in the Darul Alam of Mostansarih in the Caliph’s library, and along with calligraphy, he also studied mathematics and music, and was noticed by the Muslim caliphs. The famous European scientist, “R. Without knowing each other, Erlangu and C. Fermer were able to translate Ormoi’s notation into modern notation on a quartet.

During the conquest of Baghdad by the hands of Halako, Safi al-Din remained in his institution and was respected for having musical art in the Khan Ilkhani institution, then he became the head of Alauddin Attamalek Juvini’s office, and then he went to Tabriz and at the behest of Shams al-Din Muhammad Juvini, he was the owner of his son Harun’s Diwan. He taught music and wrote the treatise “Sharafieh” in his name.

In the following years, Safiuddin Ormoi’s life continued with scientific research and finally he died in 693 AH at the age of 80.

According to “Farmer”, an English researcher, all Arab, Persian and Turkish writers who came after Safi al-Din followed his theory, such as “Jorjani, Abdul Qadir Maraghei, Qutb al-Din Shirazi, Abdur Rahman Jami, Zeinal al-Din Hosseini, Kokbi Bukhari, Darvish Ali, Mirza Bey, Mirmohsan Nawabi and the great scientist and composer of the 20th century of Azerbaijan Uzir Haji Bigov” pointed out.

“Uzir Haji Begoff”, the father of Azerbaijani music, in his writings, warmly mentioned the important role of Safiuddin Ormoy in Turkish music, and while working on his works, he pointed out the special importance of “Kitab al-Adwar” among the many books.

He excelled in jurisprudence and literature, calligraphy and composition, mathematical sciences, music and playing the oud and other musical instruments, and he was one of the exceptional beings of his time, and especially in scientific music, he gained a lot of importance and prestige and has always been famous for this art. He also wrote the attributed line very well.

Risalah Al-Shorfiyyah (Al-Rasalah Al-Shorfiyyah fi Nasab al-Talifiyyah) or Kitab al-Musiqi”, the book “Al-Adwar fi al-Musiqi” is one of the most basic books on Islamic music, as well as “Faideh fi ilm al-Musiqi, Kitab al-Kafi min al-Shafi fi fi Ulum al-Thawras and al-Quwafi” among the works of Safi al-Din Ormoi is in Arabic language.

Safiuddin Ormoi can be considered as the second great musician of Iran and the Islamic world, the first of whom is Abu Nasr Farabi and the third of them is Abdul Qadir Maraghei.

Safi al-Din Ormoi is the first person who deals with notation of songs or ballads, and first he writes the rhythmic cycle and the name of the place of remembrance, then the notes with Abjad letters and the time of each song with the numbers below the same song.

It is said in the history that “Safiuddin Ormoi” by playing oud in “Kazim Dashi” called Urmiye Helakokhan Mughal to calmness and coolness, and even when he was in Isfahan, a type of oud called “Nuzhat” and a type of santor called “Mughni” ” has also made, unfortunately, there is no document left about how they were made.

But what brought Safiuddin Ormoy to the peak of fame and made him last in the history and art of Azerbaijan is his “valuable and high-ranking” master in music, as he is considered a “turning point” in the history of music in Azerbaijan and the Islamic world, and he He is the first person who wrote the music with alphabets and numbers, and in this way he was able to convert the songs that were transmitted by ear and chest into notes.

Also, Safi al-Din is considered the founder of the systematization school in music, because he describes the potential and actual steps of his era in an orderly and systematic way.

According to this report, Safiuddin’s musical works include “Soot, Qol, and Nubeh”. “Sootha”, two examples of which are given at the end of Risalah Al-Adwar, are short pieces, Quls are more detailed pieces, and Qutb al-Din Shirazi gave an example of the Quls attributed to Safi al-Din in “Dura al-Taj”.

Each verse consisted of several parts, which were called “Nuba” and the performance of Noba was popular during the time of Safi al-Din, and according to a narration, Safi al-Din composed more than 130 Noba.

Ormoy immigrated to Baghdad as a child and spent most of his life there. Part of this period was during the Abbasid Caliphate and the other part was after the conquest of Baghdad by Halaku and under the rule of the Mongols.

Safi al-Din trained students in calligraphy and music in Baghdad. Some of his students during the Abbasid caliphate period include: “Yaqut Mustasimi, Shams al-Din Ahmed bin Yahya Suhravardi” who was also a student of Yaqut Mustasimi, Ali Setai “Three” who played a type of three string player. Hasan Zamer and Zaytoun” which is not known in what field he specialized in, and during the reign of Halako, his students included “Bahauddin Mohammad Jovini, Sharafuddin Harun Jovini, and Hossamuddin Qalugh Bogha”.

But Safiuddin, the pride of music and calligraphy of the Islamic world, is still nameless and this bright star is still unknown to the people of this country, and he must break the walls of this world of silence, ignorance and indifference, and Safiuddin is in the minds and thoughts of the people of this country and the Islamic world. To remain eternal forever.

Bahman 6 is named as the day of Iranian sounds and sounds and the day of commemoration of Safiuddin Ormoi in the calendar.